be.tarsos.dsp.io

Class TarsosDSPAudioFormat

java.lang.Object

be.tarsos.dsp.io.TarsosDSPAudioFormat

public class TarsosDSPAudioFormat
extends java.lang.Object

AudioFormat is the class that specifies a particular arrangement of data in a sound stream. By examing the information stored in the audio format, you can discover how to interpret the bits in the binary sound data.

Every data LineWavelet has an audio format associated with its data stream. The audio format of a source (playback) data LineWavelet indicates what kind of data the data LineWavelet expects to receive for output. For a target (capture) data LineWavelet, the audio format specifies the kind of the data that can be read from the LineWavelet. Sound files also have audio formats, of course.

The AudioFormat class accommodates a number of common sound-file encoding techniques, including pulse-code modulation (PCM), mu-law encoding, and a-law encoding. These encoding techniques are predefined, but service providers can create new encoding types. The encoding that a specific format uses is named by its encoding field.

In addition to the encoding, the audio format includes other properties that further specify the exact arrangement of the data. These include the number of channels, sample rate, sample size, byte order, frame rate, and frame size. Sounds may have different numbers of audio channels: one for mono, two for stereo. The sample rate measures how many "snapshots" (samples) of the sound pressure are taken per second, per channel. (If the sound is stereo rather than mono, two samples are actually measured at each instant of time: one for the left channel, and another for the right channel; however, the sample rate still measures the number per channel, so the rate is the same regardless of the number of channels. This is the standard use of the term.) The sample size indicates how many bits are used to store each snapshot; 8 and 16 are typical values. For 16-bit samples (or any other sample size larger than a byte), byte order is important; the bytes in each sample are arranged in either the "little-endian" or "big-endian" style. For encodings like PCM, a frame consists of the set of samples for all channels at a given point in time, and so the size of a frame (in bytes) is always equal to the size of a sample (in bytes) times the number of channels. However, with some other sorts of encodings a frame can contain a bundle of compressed data for a whole series of samples, as well as additional, non-sample data. For such encodings, the sample rate and sample size refer to the data after it is decoded into PCM, and so they are completely different from the frame rate and frame size.

An AudioFormat object can include a set of properties. A property is a pair of key and value: the key is of type String, the associated property value is an arbitrary object. Properties specify additional format specifications, like the bit rate for compressed formats. Properties are mainly used as a means to transport additional information of the audio format to and from the service providers. Therefore, properties are ignored in the AudioFormat method.

The following table lists some common properties which service providers should use, if applicable:

Property key	Value type	Description
"bitrate"	Integer	average bit rate in bits per second
"vbr"	Boolean	true, if the file is encoded in variable bit rate (VBR)
"quality"	Integer	encoding/conversion quality, 1..100

Vendors of service providers (plugins) are encouraged to seek information about other already established properties in third party plugins, and follow the same conventions.

Since:

1.3

Author:

Kara Kytle, Florian Bomers

Nested Class Summary

Nested Classes

Modifier and Type	Class and Description
static class	TarsosDSPAudioFormat.Encoding The Encoding class names the specific type of data representation used for an audio stream.

Field Summary

Fields

Modifier and Type	Field and Description
static int	NOT_SPECIFIED

Constructor Summary

Constructors

Constructor and Description
TarsosDSPAudioFormat(float sampleRate, int sampleSizeInBits, int channels, boolean signed, boolean bigEndian) Constructs an AudioFormat with a linear PCM encoding and the given parameters.
TarsosDSPAudioFormat(TarsosDSPAudioFormat.Encoding encoding, float sampleRate, int sampleSizeInBits, int channels, int frameSize, float frameRate, boolean bigEndian) Constructs an AudioFormat with the given parameters.
TarsosDSPAudioFormat(TarsosDSPAudioFormat.Encoding encoding, float sampleRate, int sampleSizeInBits, int channels, int frameSize, float frameRate, boolean bigEndian, java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Object> properties) Constructs an AudioFormat with the given parameters.

Method Summary

Modifier and Type	Method and Description
int	getChannels() Obtains the number of channels.
TarsosDSPAudioFormat.Encoding	getEncoding() Obtains the type of encoding for sounds in this format.
float	getFrameRate() Obtains the frame rate in frames per second.
int	getFrameSize() Obtains the frame size in bytes.
java.lang.Object	getProperty(java.lang.String key) Obtain the property value specified by the key.
float	getSampleRate() Obtains the sample rate.
int	getSampleSizeInBits() Obtains the size of a sample.
boolean	isBigEndian() Indicates whether the audio data is stored in big-endian or little-endian byte order.
boolean	matches(TarsosDSPAudioFormat format) Indicates whether this format matches the one specified.
java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Object>	properties() Obtain an unmodifiable map of properties.
java.lang.String	toString() Returns a string that describes the format, such as: "PCM SIGNED 22050 Hz 16 bit mono big-endian".

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

NOT_SPECIFIED

public static final int NOT_SPECIFIED

See Also:

Constant Field Values

Constructor Detail

TarsosDSPAudioFormat

public TarsosDSPAudioFormat(TarsosDSPAudioFormat.Encoding encoding,
                            float sampleRate,
                            int sampleSizeInBits,
                            int channels,
                            int frameSize,
                            float frameRate,
                            boolean bigEndian)

Constructs an AudioFormat with the given parameters. The encoding specifies the convention used to represent the data. The other parameters are further explained in the

Parameters:

encoding - the audio encoding technique

sampleRate - the number of samples per second

sampleSizeInBits - the number of bits in each sample

channels - the number of channels (1 for mono, 2 for stereo, and so on)

frameSize - the number of bytes in each frame

frameRate - the number of frames per second

bigEndian - indicates whether the data for a single sample is stored in big-endian byte order (false means little-endian)

TarsosDSPAudioFormat

public TarsosDSPAudioFormat(TarsosDSPAudioFormat.Encoding encoding,
                            float sampleRate,
                            int sampleSizeInBits,
                            int channels,
                            int frameSize,
                            float frameRate,
                            boolean bigEndian,
                            java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Object> properties)

Constructs an AudioFormat with the given parameters. The encoding specifies the convention used to represent the data. The other parameters are further explained in the

Parameters:

encoding - the audio encoding technique

sampleRate - the number of samples per second

sampleSizeInBits - the number of bits in each sample

channels - the number of channels (1 for mono, 2 for stereo, and so on)

frameSize - the number of bytes in each frame

frameRate - the number of frames per second

bigEndian - indicates whether the data for a single sample is stored in big-endian byte order (false means little-endian)

properties - a Map<String,Object> object containing format properties

Since:

1.5

TarsosDSPAudioFormat

public TarsosDSPAudioFormat(float sampleRate,
                            int sampleSizeInBits,
                            int channels,
                            boolean signed,
                            boolean bigEndian)

Constructs an AudioFormat with a linear PCM encoding and the given parameters. The frame size is set to the number of bytes required to contain one sample from each channel, and the frame rate is set to the sample rate.

Parameters:

sampleRate - the number of samples per second

sampleSizeInBits - the number of bits in each sample

channels - the number of channels (1 for mono, 2 for stereo, and so on)

signed - indicates whether the data is signed or unsigned

bigEndian - indicates whether the data for a single sample is stored in big-endian byte order (false means little-endian)

Method Detail

getEncoding

public TarsosDSPAudioFormat.Encoding getEncoding()

Obtains the type of encoding for sounds in this format.

Returns:

the encoding type

See Also:

TarsosDSPAudioFormat.Encoding.PCM_SIGNED, TarsosDSPAudioFormat.Encoding.PCM_UNSIGNED, TarsosDSPAudioFormat.Encoding.ULAW, TarsosDSPAudioFormat.Encoding.ALAW

getSampleRate

public float getSampleRate()

Obtains the sample rate. For compressed formats, the return value is the sample rate of the uncompressed audio data. When this AudioFormat is used for queries capabilities , a sample rate of AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED means that any sample rate is acceptable. AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED is also returned when the sample rate is not defined for this audio format.

Returns:

the number of samples per second, or AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED

See Also:

getFrameRate()

getSampleSizeInBits

public int getSampleSizeInBits()

Obtains the size of a sample. For compressed formats, the return value is the sample size of the uncompressed audio data. When this AudioFormat is used for queries or capabilities , a sample size of AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED means that any sample size is acceptable. AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED is also returned when the sample size is not defined for this audio format.

Returns:

the number of bits in each sample, or AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED

See Also:

getFrameSize()

getChannels

public int getChannels()

Obtains the number of channels. When this AudioFormat is used for queries or capabilities , a return value of AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED means that any (positive) number of channels is acceptable.

Returns:

The number of channels (1 for mono, 2 for stereo, etc.), or AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED

getFrameSize

public int getFrameSize()

Obtains the frame size in bytes. When this AudioFormat is used for queries or capabilities, a frame size of AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED means that any frame size is acceptable. AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED is also returned when the frame size is not defined for this audio format.

Returns:

the number of bytes per frame, or AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED

See Also:

getSampleSizeInBits()

getFrameRate

public float getFrameRate()

Obtains the frame rate in frames per second. When this AudioFormat is used for queries or capabilities , a frame rate of AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED means that any frame rate is acceptable. AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED is also returned when the frame rate is not defined for this audio format.

Returns:

the number of frames per second, or AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED

See Also:

getSampleRate()

isBigEndian

public boolean isBigEndian()

Indicates whether the audio data is stored in big-endian or little-endian byte order. If the sample size is not more than one byte, the return value is irrelevant.

Returns:

true if the data is stored in big-endian byte order, false if little-endian

properties

public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Object> properties()

Obtain an unmodifiable map of properties. The concept of properties is further explained in the.

Returns:

a Map<String,Object> object containing all properties. If no properties are recognized, an empty map is returned.

Since:

1.5

See Also:

getProperty(String)

getProperty

public java.lang.Object getProperty(java.lang.String key)

Obtain the property value specified by the key. The concept of properties is further explained in the.

If the specified property is not defined for a particular file format, this method returns null.

Parameters:

key - the key of the desired property

Returns:

the value of the property with the specified key, or null if the property does not exist.

Since:

1.5

See Also:

properties()

matches

public boolean matches(TarsosDSPAudioFormat format)

Indicates whether this format matches the one specified. To match, two formats must have the same encoding, the same number of channels, and the same number of bits per sample and bytes per frame. The two formats must also have the same sample rate, unless the specified format has the sample rate value AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED, which any sample rate will match. The frame rates must similarly be equal, unless the specified format has the frame rate value AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED. The byte order (big-endian or little-endian) must match if the sample size is greater than one byte.

Parameters:

format - format to test for match

Returns:

true if this format matches the one specified, false otherwise.

toString

public java.lang.String toString()

Returns a string that describes the format, such as: "PCM SIGNED 22050 Hz 16 bit mono big-endian". The contents of the string may vary between implementations of Java Sound.

Overrides:

toString in class java.lang.Object

Returns:

a string that describes the format parameters